2 Samuel 13:19

Authorized King James Version

And Tamar put ashes on her head, and rent her garment of divers colours that was on her, and laid her hand on her head, and went on crying.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתִּקַּ֨ח
put
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#2
תָּמָ֥ר
And Tamar
tamar, the name of three women and a place
#3
אֵ֙פֶר֙
ashes
ashes
#4
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
רֹאשָׁ֔הּ
on her head
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
#6
וּכְתֹ֧נֶת
her garment
a shirt
#7
הַפַּסִּ֛ים
of divers colours
a long and sleeved tunic (perhaps simply a wide one; from the original sense of the root, i.e., of many breadths)
#8
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#9
עָלֶ֖יהָ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#10
קָרָ֑עָה
and rent
to rend, literally or figuratively (revile, paint the eyes, as if enlarging them)
#11
וַתָּ֤שֶׂם
that was on her and laid
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#12
יָדָהּ֙
her hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#13
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#14
רֹאשָׁ֔הּ
on her head
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
#15
הָל֖וֹךְ
on
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#16
הָל֖וֹךְ
on
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#17
וְזָעָֽקָה׃
crying
to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publicly

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 2 Samuel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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